The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to complete a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.